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The Middle Ages represent a period of decline in gardens for visual functions. After the fall of Rome, gardening was done for the function of growing medical herbs and/or embellishing church altars. Monasteries continued a tradition of garden style and extreme horticultural strategies throughout the medieval period in Europe. Normally, monastic garden types consisted of cooking area gardens, infirmary gardens, cemetery orchards, cloister garths and vineyards.  Click Here For Additional Info  might also have had a "green court", a plot of lawn and trees where horses could graze, as well as a cellarer's garden or personal gardens for obedientiaries, monks who held specific posts within the abbey.

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Frequently, the centre of the garden would have a reflecting pool or pavilion. Particular to the Islamic gardens are the mosaics and glazed tiles utilized to decorate the rills and water fountains that were constructed in these gardens. By the late 13th century, rich Europeans started to grow gardens for leisure and for medical herbs and vegetables. They surrounded the gardens by walls to protect them from animals and to provide privacy. During the next 2 centuries, Europeans began planting lawns and raising flowerbeds and trellises of roses. Fruit trees prevailed in these gardens and likewise in some, there were turf seats.

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The gardens in the 16th and 17th century were symmetric, proportioned and balanced with a more classical look. The majority of these gardens were developed around a central axis and they were divided into different parts by hedges. Frequently, gardens had actually flowerbeds set out in squares and separated by gravel paths. Gardens in Renaissance were adorned with sculptures, topiary and water fountains. In the 17th century, knot gardens ended up being popular together with the hedge mazes. By this time, Europeans started planting new flowers such as tulips, marigolds and sunflowers.